Contents
What is closure philosophy?
A closure principle is a principle that claims that a certain category of object (typically a set) is closed relative to some function or operation or rule, in the sense that performing that operation on any member of the set always leads us to something already in the set.
What is an epistemic position philosophy?
Epistemic Contextualism (EC) is a recent and hotly debated position. EC is roughly the view that what is expressed by a knowledge attribution — a claim to the effect that S “knows” that p — depends partly on something in the context of the attributor, and hence the view is often called ‘attributor contextualism’.
Why does Nozick deny closure?
On the other hand, some epistemologists, including Robert Nozick, have denied closure principles on the basis of reliabilist accounts of knowledge. Nozick, in Philosophical Explanations, advocated that, when considering the Gettier problem, the least counter-intuitive assumption we give up should be epistemic closure.